@import url("/assets/fonts.css");
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:100px}body{margin:0;background:#fff;color:#111;font-family:"IBM Plex Sans",Arial,sans-serif;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:5px}button,input{font:inherit}button,a,input,summary{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}button{cursor:pointer}img{max-width:100%;display:block}h1,h2,h3,p{margin-top:0}h1,h2,h3{line-height:1.13;letter-spacing:-.035em}h1{font-size:clamp(40px,5.8vw,76px)}h2{font-size:clamp(30px,3vw,42px)}h3{font-size:25px}p{line-height:1.7}button:focus-visible,a:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible,input:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #888;outline-offset:5px}[hidden]{display:none!important}.skip{position:fixed;top:-60px;left:20px;background:#fff;color:#000;padding:14px;z-index:100}.skip:focus{top:10px}.site-header{background:#000;color:#fff;position:sticky;top:0;z-index:30}.header-inner{max-width:1440px;margin:auto;padding:19px 4%;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:24px}.brand{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:14px;flex-shrink:0;line-height:1.1;text-decoration:none!important}.brand img{width:43px;height:50px;object-fit:contain}.brand span{font-weight:600;font-size:18px;letter-spacing:.025em}.brand small{display:block;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.09em;font-weight:400;margin-top:5px;color:#bbb}#site-nav{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:25px;font-size:14px}#site-nav a{padding:9px 0}#site-nav [aria-current]{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:8px}.menu-toggle{display:none;background:transparent;color:#fff;border:1px solid #555;padding:9px 13px}.hero{background:#181818;position:relative;color:#fff;min-height:560px;display:flex;align-items:center;isolation:isolate}.hero:before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(0,0,0,.82),rgba(0,0,0,.2)),var(--hero);background-size:cover;background-position:center;z-index:-1}.hero-content{width:min(1280px,92%);margin:0 auto;padding:70px 0}.eyebrow{display:block;font-size:11px;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.15em;line-height:1.6}.hero .eyebrow{color:#ccc;margin-bottom:28px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(62px,7.8vw,108px);letter-spacing:-.05em;line-height:.95;margin-bottom:25px;font-weight:600}.hero p{font-size:clamp(19px,2.4vw,29px);letter-spacing:-.03em;margin-bottom:35px}.hero-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:32px}.button{display:inline-flex;gap:32px;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;background:#111;color:#fff;padding:17px 24px;border:1px solid #111;font-size:14px;font-weight:500;text-decoration:none!important;transition:background .2s,color .2s}.button:hover{background:#333}.button.light{background:#fff;color:#000;border-color:#fff}.button.light:hover{background:#ddd}.text-link{font-size:14px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.8}.wrap{width:min(1280px,92%);margin:auto}.section{padding:66px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd}.section-heading{display:flex;align-items:end;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;margin-bottom:30px}.section-heading h2{margin:8px 0 0}.section-heading .eyebrow{color:#666}.featured{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.15fr 1fr;gap:48px;align-items:center}.featured>a{overflow:hidden}.featured img{width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:1.9;object-fit:contain}.featured h2{font-size:clamp(25px,2.5vw,38px);margin:13px 0 18px}.featured p{color:#555;font-size:16px}.meta{display:flex;gap:18px;font-size:12px;color:#686868;align-items:center}.featured .meta{margin:24px 0}.cards{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:42px 28px}.card{min-width:0}.card-image{display:block;overflow:hidden;background:#eee}.card-image img{width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:1.9;object-fit:contain;transition:transform .4s}.card-image:hover img{opacity:.95}.card-copy{padding-top:18px}.card .eyebrow{font-size:10px;color:#666}.card h3{margin:10px 0 13px;font-size:25px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.035em}.card p{font-size:14px;color:#666;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:20px;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}.topics{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:0 50px}.topic{display:flex;gap:20px;padding:30px 0;border-top:1px solid #bbb;text-decoration:none!important}.topic:hover h3{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:5px}.topic-number{font-size:11px;color:#666;padding-top:5px}.topic h3{font-size:24px;font-weight:500;margin:0 0 10px}.topic p{font-size:14px;color:#666;margin:0}.topic>span:last-child{margin-left:auto;font-size:23px}.newsletter{margin:64px 0;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:40px;background:#111;color:#fff;padding:44px}.newsletter .eyebrow{color:#aaa}.newsletter h2{margin:12px 0;font-weight:500}.newsletter p{margin:0;color:#bbb}.newsletter .button{flex-shrink:0}.site-footer{background:#000;color:#fff;padding:45px 4% 25px}.footer-top,.footer-links,.footer-bottom{max-width:1280px;margin:auto}.footer-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;border-bottom:1px solid #333;padding-bottom:30px}.footer-top p{font-size:15px;color:#bbb;margin:0}.footer-links{padding:35px 0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:2fr 1fr 1fr;gap:20px}.footer-links>div{display:flex;gap:14px;flex-direction:column;font-size:13px;color:#bbb}.footer-bottom{border-top:1px solid #333;padding-top:22px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;font-size:11px;color:#888}.page-heading{padding:68px 0 38px}.page-heading .eyebrow{color:#666}.page-heading h1{margin:15px 0 20px}.page-heading p{max-width:700px;font-size:19px;color:#666}.filters{display:flex;gap:9px;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #ddd;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;padding:20px 0}.filters a{font-size:12px;padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #ddd}.filters [aria-current]{background:#111;color:#fff;border-color:#111}.archive-toolbar{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:28px 0;gap:20px}.archive-toolbar p{font-size:13px;color:#666;margin:0}.search{font-size:11px;color:#555;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px}.search input{padding:12px;border:1px solid #bbb;width:260px;border-radius:0;background:#fff;color:#111}.empty{padding:65px 0;min-height:260px}.empty p{color:#666}.prose-wrap{max-width:800px;margin:auto;padding:40px 25px 80px}.prose-wrap>.eyebrow{margin-top:50px;color:#666}.prose-wrap>h1{margin-top:16px}.breadcrumb{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;font-size:11px;color:#666;padding:26px 0}.prose{font-size:18px;line-height:1.85;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.prose h1,.prose h2,.prose h3,.prose h4{font-weight:600;line-height:1.3;margin:42px 0 20px;letter-spacing:-.025em}.prose h1{font-size:33px}.prose h2{font-size:28px}.prose h3{font-size:23px}.prose p{line-height:1.85;margin:0 0 22px}.prose p:empty{display:none}.prose a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}.prose ul,.prose ol{padding-left:28px;margin-bottom:26px}.prose li{padding-left:4px;margin:7px 0}.prose li p{margin:0}.prose img{height:auto;margin:30px auto;max-height:650px;object-fit:contain}.prose figure{margin:30px 0}.prose figure img{margin:auto}.prose table{display:block;overflow-x:auto;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:14px;margin:30px 0;max-width:100%}.prose td,.prose th{padding:12px;border:1px solid #bbb;min-width:110px}.prose blockquote{margin:30px 0;padding:5px 0 5px 25px;border-left:2px solid #111;color:#444}.prose iframe{width:100%;min-height:500px;border:0}.subscribe-box{padding:30px;background:#f3f3f3;margin-top:40px}.subscribe-box h2{margin-top:0}.subscribe-box .button{text-decoration:none}.subscribe-box small{display:block;font-size:12px;margin-top:18px;color:#666}.essay{width:min(800px,92%);margin:auto}.essay-heading{padding:30px 0}.essay-heading h1{font-size:clamp(34px,4.5vw,58px);line-height:1.1;margin:18px 0 25px}.essay-deck{font-size:19px;line-height:1.7;color:#666}.byline{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px 20px;font-size:12px;color:#666;margin:28px 0}.reader-actions{display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:center}.reader-actions button{background:#fff;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:9px 14px;font-size:12px}.reader-actions button:hover{background:#eee}#copy-status{font-size:12px;color:#555}.toc{border-top:1px solid #ccc;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;margin:10px 0 40px;padding:18px 0}.toc summary{cursor:pointer;font-size:13px;font-weight:600}.toc ol{padding-left:22px;columns:2;font-size:13px;line-height:1.7;column-gap:32px}.toc li{padding:5px 0;break-inside:avoid}.article-content{padding-bottom:30px}.essay-end{border-top:1px solid #ccc;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:12px;padding:25px 0;color:#555;gap:18px}.reading-progress{position:fixed;left:0;top:0;height:3px;background:#bbb;width:0;z-index:50}
@media(min-width:1600px){.hero{min-height:650px}}@media(max-width:1000px){#site-nav{gap:14px;font-size:12px}.brand span{font-size:15px}.featured{gap:25px}.cards{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.hero{min-height:530px}.newsletter{padding:35px}.newsletter h2{font-size:30px}}@media(max-width:760px){.header-inner{padding:14px 5%}.brand span{font-size:14px}.brand img{width:32px;height:39px}.brand{gap:10px}.brand small{font-size:10px}.menu-toggle{display:block;font-size:12px}#site-nav{display:none;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:100%;background:#000;flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;padding:16px 5% 25px;gap:0;border-top:1px solid #333;font-size:16px}#site-nav.open{display:flex}#site-nav a{padding:13px 0}.hero{min-height:520px}.hero:before{background-position:60% center;background-image:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(0,0,0,.83),rgba(0,0,0,.36)),var(--hero)}.hero-content{padding:65px 0}.hero h1{font-size:64px}.hero .eyebrow{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.13em;max-width:290px}.hero p{font-size:20px}.hero-actions{gap:24px;flex-wrap:wrap}.hero-actions .text-link{font-size:12px}.hero-actions .button{padding:15px 18px}.section{padding:44px 0}.section-heading{align-items:center}.section-heading .text-link{font-size:11px;white-space:nowrap}.section-heading h2{font-size:30px}.featured{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:25px}.featured h2{font-size:29px}.cards{gap:34px 20px}.card h3{font-size:22px}.card p{font-size:13px}.card .meta{font-size:10px;gap:10px}.topics{grid-template-columns:1fr}.topic h3{font-size:23px}.newsletter{margin:44px 0;padding:30px;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:25px}.newsletter h2{font-size:30px}.footer-top{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:24px}.footer-links{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:30px}.footer-links>div:last-child{grid-column:1/-1}.footer-bottom{flex-direction:column;gap:12px}.page-heading{padding-top:45px}.page-heading p{font-size:17px}.filters{gap:7px}.filters a{font-size:13px;padding:11px 12px;min-height:44px}.archive-toolbar{align-items:flex-start}.search{display:block;font-size:10px}.search input{display:block;width:180px;margin-top:8px}.archive-toolbar p{padding-top:25px}.prose-wrap{padding-top:20px}.prose{font-size:17px;line-height:1.75}.prose h2{font-size:25px}.prose-wrap>.eyebrow{margin-top:30px}.toc ol{columns:1}.essay-heading{padding-top:10px}.essay-heading h1{font-size:36px}.essay-deck{font-size:17px}.prose iframe{min-height:350px}}@media(max-width:480px){.cards{grid-template-columns:1fr}.card h3{font-size:25px}.card p{font-size:14px}.card .meta{font-size:11px}.hero h1{font-size:58px}.section-heading h2{font-size:27px}.newsletter{padding:26px}.essay-end{flex-direction:column}.byline{font-size:11px}.prose-wrap>h1{font-size:40px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*{transition:none!important}}@media print{.site-header,.site-footer,.newsletter,.reader-actions,.toc,.reading-progress,.breadcrumb,.essay-end,.essay~.wrap{display:none}.essay{width:100%;max-width:none}.prose{font-size:11pt}.essay h1{font-size:26pt}a{color:#000}.prose img{max-height:300px}}

.guide-heading{padding-bottom:24px}.guide-heading>.text-link{display:inline-block;margin-right:30px}.guide-heading h1{font-size:36px;margin:32px 0}.guide-frame{display:block;width:100%;height:calc(100dvh - 110px);min-height:680px;border:0;background:#fff}

:root{--accent:#8B1E1E;--accent-hover:#6D1717}.button,.filters [aria-current]{background:var(--accent);border-color:var(--accent);color:#fff}.button:hover{background:var(--accent-hover);border-color:var(--accent-hover)}.hero .button.light{background:var(--accent);border-color:var(--accent);color:#fff}.hero .button.light:hover{background:var(--accent-hover);border-color:var(--accent-hover)}.card .eyebrow,.featured .eyebrow,.essay-heading>.eyebrow,.prose a{color:var(--accent)}.reading-progress{background:var(--accent)}#site-nav [aria-current]{text-decoration-color:var(--accent);text-decoration-thickness:2px}button:focus-visible,a:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible,input:focus-visible{outline-color:var(--accent)}

.essay-tags{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin:24px 0}.essay-tags a{font-size:12px;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:7px 11px;color:var(--accent)}.source-group{border-top:1px solid #ccc;padding:20px 0;font-size:15px}.source-group summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:600;line-height:1.6}.source-group[open] summary{margin-bottom:22px}

.filter-count{opacity:.8;white-space:nowrap}.article-content :is(h2,h3,h4,h5,h6){scroll-margin-top:110px}.toc a{display:block;padding:5px 0;color:var(--accent);line-height:1.6}.toc-level-3{margin-left:14px}.toc-level-4,.toc-level-5,.toc-level-6{margin-left:24px}.toc summary span{font-weight:400;color:#666}.topic>div{min-width:0}.topic h3{overflow-wrap:anywhere}

.toc ol{list-style:none;padding-left:0}.toc li{margin:0 0 4px}.toc-level-3{padding-left:14px!important}.toc-level-4,.toc-level-5,.toc-level-6{padding-left:24px!important}

/* Imported block separators must not add a second gap to paragraph margins.
   Keep authored line breaks inside paragraphs, lists and other blocks. */
.article-content>br,.ig-reading>.prose>br{display:none}